The Sea

The Rame Peninsula exists because of the sea. It shaped every trade, every family, every building and every story. Explore our archive of fishing, smuggling, naval history, commercial life, wrecks and the remarkable men who piloted ships through Plymouth Sound.

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Smuggling

Cawsand was the smuggling capital of the West Country. 50 vessels, 17,000 kegs a year, tunnels beneath the cottages.

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Fishing

Pilchards, pilchard palaces, seining operations and the fishing families who worked these waters for generations.

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Naval History

Napoleon in the bay, Nelson's avenger, the fleet at anchor. Cawsand Bay witnessed history's greatest naval dramas.

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Commercial

Trading vessels, brickworks, luggers and the commercial life that once made Plymouth Sound one of the busiest waters in England.

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Wrecks

The ships that did not make it. Wrecks in Plymouth Sound, Whitsand Bay and the western approaches.

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Trinity Pilots

In 1871 eleven pilots were living in Maker and Rame alone. The men who guided ships safely through Plymouth Sound.

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The Peninsula and the Sea

A coastline that shaped everything

The Rame Peninsula occupies a unique position. Geographically it marks the easternmost limits of Cornwall, so a chapel on its promontory would mark entry or departure from what was once described as an ungovernable, bleak and unattractive peninsula, far from the political intrigues of the capital — a land swept by high winds and battered by channel and ocean storms.

Strategically, to command the estuary of the River Tamar at the point known as the Hamoaze would have obvious advantages, especially with a dockyard upstream and three towns to defend. Plymouth Sound, with its western border edging the Rame Peninsula, made an obvious base for naval sailing vessels seeking to limit French activities in the English Channel.

Economically, the three towns of Plymouth flourished with many waterside facilities to encourage trade locally and further afield. Surrounding this large population centre grew a ring of satellite communities, including our own, mindful of the trading opportunities of the nearby town and so taking advantage of their location at creek head or in sheltered bay.

What was it like when the Hamoaze was littered with wooden hulks? When a dozen trading ketches lay against the quays of local brickworks, or when a cloud of sail ruffled in Cawsand Bay preparing to up-anchor and defend the realm?

The sections in this part of our archive present a reference point for fishing, smuggling and naval activities which affected those alive at the time, and which provide us now with a useful link to the past of our peninsula.

The Tragedy of Tregonhawke Bay

On the cliffs above Whitsand Bay, there is a granite memorial with a Celtic cross. The view from it is quite lovely — a long sandy beach, some rocks, and the white-crested waves. On a hot summer's day nothing could look more perfect than to pick your way down the steep path and stretch out on the sand.

"In the beloved memory of Edward Spender, aged 44 years, and of his sons Reginald and Sidney, who were drowned whilst bathing beneath this cliff on Whit-Sunday June 9 1878."

The full story of the Spender family tragedy, told by a descendant, is available at the link below.

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From the archive

More from this section

Further photographs, documents, galleries and links held in the group's online archive for this topic. Documents open in a new tab.

Photographs and images

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Documents